If you’ve ever completed a sudoku puzzle, then you’ve completed a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). This type of problem is defined as a mathematical question where a number of constraints or ...

Constraint satisfaction problems are ubiquitous in many domains. They are typically solved using conventional digital computing architectures that do not reflect the distributed nature of many of ...

The examination timetabling problem is a complex, multi-constraint, and combinatorial challenge faced by academic institutions throughout the world. Over recent years, advances in metaheuristic and ...