When Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai, an underwater volcano near Tonga in the South Pacific Ocean, erupted in 2022, scientists expected that it would spew enough water vapor into the stratosphere to push ...

Massive volcanic eruptions on the Indian peninsula have long been proposed as an alternative cause for the demise of the dinosaurs. This phase of active volcanism took place in a period just before ...

A growing body of peer-reviewed research is giving scientists new tools to isolate the distinct climate signals left behind by volcanic mega-eruptions and extreme wildfires, two forces that can alter ...