The PMF and its connection to the state continues to confound policymakers inside and outside of Iraq. At the heart of unsuccessful attempts to understand, engage or navigate this dynamic is a ...
Michael Knights is the Lafer Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. He specialises in the politics and security of Iraq. He has worked in every Iraqi province and most of the country ...
Editor’s Note: This is the first article in a series on hybrid armed actors in the Middle East. The concept for the series emerged from a Chatham House project on the same topic. Despite the strong ...
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